Inpushing from the surface of the embryo occurs during the formation of the ear and forms the external auditory meatus (reptiles and up) or ear canal. No outer ear existed in amphibians. The tympanum, ...

In the autism model rat, MNTB neurons are impaired and the transmitted sound signals cannot be suppressed. Thus, it causes auditory hypersensitivity. Since MNTB is known to be involved in ...