A limitation of phage-IL-12 therapy is its failure to induce long-term immunity. To compensate, boosters may be required, or other immunotherapies, like checkpoint inhibitors, may be added.

More information: Ruyuan Wang et al, The interaction of innate immune and adaptive immune system, MedComm (2024). DOI: 10.1002/mco2.714.

However, sometimes the innate immune system is overactive, such as in autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and during organ transplants, and this memory can have harmful effects.

Insertion sequence transposition, a new acquired defense strategy different from CRISPR, activates anti-mycobacteriophage immunity Peer-Reviewed Publication ...

A mechanism of antiviral immunity in bacteria has been characterized. A research team from Umeå University (Sweden) has uncovered a mechanism for how bacteria build up antiviral immunity against ...

The innate immune system is the body’s first line of defense, made up of general pathogen-fighting cells that are designed to recognize and fight off all kinds of pathogens, including bacteria ...

The innate immune response constitutes the body’s first line of defence against pathogens, utilising a network of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and signalling molecules to detect and ...

Since the 1960s, the ongoing seventh cholera pandemic has been driven by what is known as "seventh pandemic El Tor" (7PET) strains of V. cholerae, which have spread globally in successive waves.

Innate immunity’s role in rejection. Current immunosuppressive therapies primarily target T cells, the drivers of the adaptive immune response that recognizes and attacks transplanted organs.

Like people, bacteria get invaded by viruses. In bacteria, the viral invaders are called bacteriophages, derived from the Greek word for bacteria-eaters, or in shortened form, "phages." ...

Now, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have shed new light on how bacteria protect themselves from certain phage invaders—by seizing genetic material from weakened, dormant phages and ...