Quantum confinement describes how the electronic properties – the organization of energy levels into which electrons can climb or fall – and optical properties change when the material sampled ...

Germanium nanocrystals and quantum dots have emerged as pivotal components in modern semiconductor applications, owing to their unique quantum confinement effects and tunable optoelectronic ...

To observe conventional quantum confinement effects requires two edges so that the copper 2DEG is confined within the two, however, the researchers observed a two-dimensional array of maxima and ...