A boule is a rod made from a single silicon crystal, and its size depends on the temperature, the rate of spin and the rate at which the crystal is pulled from the liquid.

For monocrystalline PV cells, a pure silicon crystal boule is used; multi or polycrystalline PV cells are formed from cast ingots created from molten silicon which is carefully cooled. The boule ...

At the end of the day, though, Jan Czochralski’s accidental discovery of a crystal-growing technique has stood the test of time, as something like 90% of silicon wafers are cut from boules grown ...

Scientists have now developed a single-crystal silicon system that offers a fractional frequency instability of 1 × 10−16 at short timescales and supports a laser linewidth of less than 40 mHz ...

In this system, a boule tester sends short pulses of infrared light into the boule and measures minority-carrier lifetime in p- or n-type silicon. Using radio frequency (RF) sensing, the tester ...

Pure silicon is made in long cylinders, called boules, that are sliced into hundreds or thousands of very thin wafers. Usually, these wafers are less than a millimeter thick.