The binding of [5‘-3H]inosine to human purine nucleoside phosphorylase results in an equilibrium binding isotope effect (BIE) of 1.5%, and transition state formation causes an intrinsic KIE of 4.7%.

A series of 16 molecular rotors were synthesized to investigate the ability of n→π* interactions to stabilize transition states (TSs) of bond rotation. Steric contributions to the rotational barrier ...

In this study, a population-based continuous state transition algorithm (STA) is investigated into continuous constrained optimization problems. After an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages ...

In order to ensure the arbitrariness of the preassigned state and minimize the control cost, pinning control with minimum controlled nodes is a wise option. However, existing pinning strategies based ...