A team of archaeologists and paleontologists from Argentina, the U.S. and China has unearthed the first known example of a fossilized Alvarezsauridae skeleton with evidence of air pockets in its ...

L5-S1 is the exact spot where the lumbar spine ends and the sacral spine begins ... 24 movable bones in the spine that connect to the sacrum (a bony structure located below the lumbar vertebrae ...

But the scans allowed Windholz and his colleagues to see that these hollow cavities inside the vertebrate were connected to the outside through cortical openings called foramina. Essentially ...

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The sacral curve opposes the direction of the lumbar curve, going backward. The L5-S1 junction is particularly vulnerable to misalignment, wear and tear, and injury. This is because, in most people, ...

What is patent foramen ovale transcatheter repair? A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a small hole between the 2 upper chambers of the heart, the right and the left atrium. Patent foramen transcatheter ...

In 2012, an MRI was performed (figure 1) and demonstrated the presence of bilateral Tarlov cysts at the level of S2, within the sacral canal. The left cyst was slightly larger than the right (see ...