We will present novel 633 nm diode lasers operating continuous wave with lateral, using a taper laser geometry, and longitudinal, using external volume Bragg gratings, mode filtering at room ...

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5.Other industries - leak detection - because the boiling point of helium is close (-269 °C or -452 °F) to the absolute zero (-273 °C) He is used for cooling of superconducting magnets - used in ...

pH balance and regulation within organelles are fundamental to cell homeostasis and proliferation. The ability to track pH in cells becomes significantly important to understand these processes in ...

Helium-neon lasers at 633 nm are still widely used in interferometers and, stabilized to iodine, serve as secondary frequency standards for the practical realisation of the meter [1]. However, the ...

ABSTRACT Introduction: In dental practice, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) are mainly used for dental surgery and biostimulation therapy. Within the Orthodontic ...