A frequency regulation application has a high life cycle (10,000, compared with 4000-8000 with arbitrage), high power (i.e higher than arbitrage), but lower energy density than arbitrage.

Today’s solar inverter technologies do more than convert the variable dc output of a photovoltaic solar panel into utility frequency ac suitable for a commercial grid or to a local, off-grid ...

In rural California, a customer with a large ground-mount photovoltaic (PV) system had been generating electricity with no problem until, one day, fault codes occurred. The PV system was utilizing ...